Biology branches

*Basic life science branches*

Biology – study of living organisms with respect to their morphologic and anatomic traits as well as behavior and development

Anatomy – study of form and function, in plants, animals, and other organisms, or specifically in humans

Astrobiology – the study of the formation and presence of life in the universe

Bacteriology – study of bacteria

Biotechnology – study of combination of both the living organism and technology

Biochemistry – study of the chemical reactions required for life to exist and function, 

usually a focus on the cellular level

Bioinformatics – developing of methods or software tools for storing, retrieving, organizing and analyzing biological data to generate useful biological knowledge

Biolinguistics – the study of the biology and evolution of language.

Biological anthropology – the study of humans, non-human primates, and hominids. Also known as physical anthropology.

Biological oceanography- the study of life in the oceans and their interaction with the environment.

Biomechanics – the study of the mechanics of living beings

Biophysics – study of biological processes by applying the theories and methods that have been traditionally used in the physical sciences

Botany – study of plants

Cell biology (cytology) – study of the cell as a complete unit, and the molecular and chemical interactions that occur within a living cell

Developmental biology – the study of the processes through which an organism forms, from zygote to full structure

Ecology – study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and with the non-living elements of their environment

Ethology – the study of behavior

Evolutionary biology – study of the origin and descent of species over time

Evolutionary developmental biology – the study of the evolution of development 

including its molecular control

Genetics – the study of genes and heredity

Histology – the study of tissues

Immunology – the study of the immune system

Microbiology – the study of microscopic organisms (microorganisms) and their interactions with other living organisms

Molecular biology – the study of biology and biological functions at the molecular level, some cross over with biochemistry, genetics, and microbiology

Neuroscience – the study of the nervous system

Paleontology – the study of prehistoric organisms

Pathology - the study of the causes and effects of disease or injury

Pharmacology – the study of drug action

Phycology – the study of algae

Physiology – the study of the functioning of living organisms and the organs and parts of living organisms

Population biology – the study of groups of conspecific organisms

Quantum biology – the study of quantum phenomena in organisms

Structural biology – a branch of molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics concerned with the molecular structure of biological macro-molecules

Synthetic biology – the design and construction of new biological entities such as enzymes, genetic circuits and cells, or the redesign of existing biological systems (LY)

Systems biology – the study of the integration and dependencies of various components within a biological system, with particular focus upon the role of metabolic pathways and cell-signaling strategies in physiology

Theoretical biology – the use of abstractions and mathematical models to study biological phenomena

Toxicology – the nature, effects, and detection of poisons

Virology - the study of viruses like submicroscopic, parasitic particles of genetic material contained in a protein coat – and virus-like agents

Zoology - the study of animals

Enzymology- the study of enzymes.